Author: Michael

In 1974, the University of Melbourne’s chemistry professor Richard Robson had the idea of replacing the wooden balls and metal rods used in structural models with molecules and chemical bonds. He began experimenting with copper ions linked by a four-armed organic molecule, creating a structure with a cavity. His work laid the foundation for metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), a class of porous materials formed by linking metal ions with organic molecules. Their pores can capture pollutants, support chemical reactions and store gases, giving MOFs a wide range of potential applications.

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Archaeological excavation uncovers the past but also changes the landscape that has preserved sites for centuries or millennia. These changes influence water flow, soil erosion and the stability of exposed remains. Researchers from Istanbul Technical University and the U.S. have shown how computer models can assist archaeologists in understanding and planning for these effects, especially regarding erosion risks. Using an Early Bronze Age settlement in Türkiye as a case study, they reconstructed the landscape before and after excavation.

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